• activation inducer molecule, AIM
• EA 1
• MLR3
• gp34/28
• very early activation, VEA

MAJOR LINKS FOR CD69  

• NCBI LocusLink Record: 969
• Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): 107273
• SwissProt annotated protein record: Q07108

CELLULAR FUNCTION OF CD69 Link to additional info in FORUM  

• Signal-transmitting receptors in different cells**
• CD69 is involved in early events of lymphocyte, monocyte and platelet activation**
• CD69 contributes to T cell activation: Ca2+ influx, synthesis of different cytokines, and their receptors, induction of the expression of c-myc and c-fos protooncogenes**
• CD69 contributes to platelet activation: Ca2+ influx, hydrolysis of arachidonic acid, and aggregation**
• It has also a functional role in redirected lysis mediated by activated NK cells**

DISEASE RELEVANCE OF CD69 AND FUNCTION OF CD69 IN INTACT ANIMAL  

• Highly expressed on T cells from inflammatory infiltrates of several human diseases: (rheumatoid arthritis, viral hepatitis, autoimmune thyroid disorders)**
• CD69 expression is induced during positive selection in thymocytes**

• Families in which CD69 is a member
  • CD69-->group V c-type lectin-->c-type lectin

MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF CD69  

• Type II membrane protein with a C-type lectin domain**
• Disulfide-linked homodimer*
• Core protein is 22,5 kDa (199aa)**
• Other members of this family (NKG2, NKR-P1, CD94, and Ly49)

MOLECULAR MASS OF CD69  

POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL MODIFICATION OF CD69  

• The CD69 mRNA is postranscriptionally regulated by rapid degradation sequences (AU-rich motifs)**

POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION OF CD69  

• There is a potential N-glycosylation site at position 166
• It is a constitutively phosphorylated glycoprotein (Ser/Thr)**

SUBSTRATES FOR CD69   - No information

ENZYMES WHICH MODIFY CD69   - No information

LIGANDS FOR CD69 AND MOLECULES ASSOCIATED WITH CD69   - Unknown

• Expressed on activated leukocytes including T cells, thymocytes, B cells, NK cells, neutrophils, eosinophils*
• CD69 is constitutively expressed by a subset of medullary mature thymocytes, mantle B cells and certain CD4+ T cells in the germinal centers of normal lymph nodes, platelets, epidermal Langerhans cells

• The CD69 gene maps to human chromosome 12 p13-p12, and mouse chr. 6, within the locus of the NK complex**

SELECTION OF OTHER CD69-SPECIFIC REFERENCE MAB  

REVIEWS

1. Sanchez-Madrid, F. (1995). In: Leukocyte Typing V. (ed. Schlossman et al.) Oxford University Press. 1123-1124. **

2. Testi R,D'Ambrosio D,De Maria R,Santoni A The CD69 receptor: a multipurpose cell-surface trigger for hematopoietic cells. Immunol Today 1994 15:479 ** PubMed

PRIMARY CITATIONS

3. Cebrian M,Yague E,Rincon M,Lopez-Botet M,de Landazuri MO,Sanchez-Madrid F Triggering of T cell proliferation through AIM, an activation inducer molecule expressed on activated human lymphocytes. J Exp Med 1988 168:1621 * PubMed

4. Lanier LL,Buck DW,Rhodes L,Ding A,Evans E,Barney C,Phillips JH Interleukin 2 activation of natural killer cells rapidly induces the expression and phosphorylation of the Leu-23 activation antigen. J Exp Med 1988 167:1572 * PubMed

5. Lopez-Cabrera M,Munoz E,Blazquez MV,Ursa MA,Santis AG,Sanchez-Madrid F Transcriptional regulation of the gene encoding the human C-type lectin leukocyte receptor AIM/CD69 and functional characterization of its tumor necrosis factor-alpha-responsive elements. J Biol Chem 1995 270:21545 * PubMed

6. Lopez-Cabrera M,Santis AG,Fernandez-Ruiz E,Blacher R,Esch F,Sanchez-Mateos P,Sanchez-Madrid F Molecular cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of the human earliest lymphocyte activation antigen AIM/CD69, a new member of the C-type animal lectin superfamily of signal-transmitting receptors. J Exp Med 1993 178:537 * PubMed

7. Moretta A,Poggi A,Pende D,Tripodi G,Orengo AM,Pella N,Augugliaro R,Bottino C,Ciccone E,Moretta L CD69-mediated pathway of lymphocyte activation: anti-CD69 monoclonal antibodies trigger the cytolytic activity of different lymphoid effector cells with the exception of cytolytic T lymphocytes expressing T cell receptor alpha/beta. J Exp Med 1991 174:1393 PubMed

8. Santis AG,Lopez-Cabrera M,Sanchez-Madrid F,Proudfoot N Expression of the early lymphocyte activation antigen CD69, a C-type lectin, is regulated by mRNA degradation associated with AU-rich sequence motifs. Eur J Immunol 1995 25:2142 * PubMed

9. Testi R,Pulcinelli F,Frati L,Gazzaniga PP,Santoni A CD69 is expressed on platelets and mediates platelet activation and aggregation. J Exp Med 1990 172:701 * PubMed

WWW RESOURCES

Portions copyright by Garland Press and by the International Workshops on Human Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens; used with permission

Modified 11/16/99   mpr@mail.nih.gov